isviçre'nin kantonları ne demek?

İsviçre kantonları. İsviçre 26 kanton ve yarı kantona bölünmüştür.

İsviçre kantonlarının listesi

26 kantonun her birinin kendi yasaları, parlamentoları, hükûmetleri ve mahkemeleri vardır.

Arma1KoduResmi dillerdeki adlarıTürkçede adıİsviçre kantonu olduğu yılBaşkentGDP (2017)2 milyon CHF cinsindenGSYİH (2017)3 CHF cinsindenNüfus Yoğunluğu(km başına)4Belediye sayısı (2018)5Resmi diller
1ZHZürichZürih1351Zürih143,04495,680701166Almanca
2BEBern; BerneBern1353Berne / Bern78,27876,085158347Almanca, Fransızca
3LULuzernLuzern1332Luzern26,99266,65523383Almanca
4URUriUri12916Altdorf1,90052,4683320Almanca
5SZSchwyzSchwyz12917Schwyz9,44460,31314330Almanca
6OWObwaldenObwald / Obwalden12918 ya da 1315 (Unterwalden'in parçası olarak)Sarnen2,51066,970667Almanca
7NWNidwaldenNidwald / Nidwalden12919(Unterwalden olarak)Stans3,05071,32913811Almanca
8GLGlarusGlaris / Glarus1352Glaris / Glarus2,76468,671513Almanca
9ZGZugZoug / Zug1352Zoug / Zug18,921151,74741611Almanca
10FRFribourg; FreiburgFriburg / Fribourg1481Friburg / Fribourg18,63559,444141136Fransızca, Almanca
11SOSolothurnSoleure / Solothurn1481Soleure / Solothurn17,70265,459308109Almanca
12BSBasel-StadtBasle-City / Basel-City / Basel-Stadt1501 (1833'e kadar Basel olarak)Basle / Basel35,955185,8265,0723Almanca
13BLBasel-LandschaftBasle-Country / Basel-Country / Basel-Landschaft1501 (1833'e kadar Basel olarak)Liestal20,34771,06550286Almanca
14SHSchaffhausenSchaffhouse / Schaffhausen1501Schaffhouse / Schaffhausen6,96385,89524626Almanca
15ARAppenzell AusserrhodenAppenzell Outer-Rhodes/ Appenzell Ausserrhoden1513 (1597'ye kadar Appenzell olarak)Herisau103,08656,03822020Almanca
16AIAppenzell InnerrhodenAppenzell Inner-Rhodes/ Appenzell Innerrhoden1513 (1597'ye kadar Appenzell olarak)Appenzell98961,633876Almanca
17SGSt. GallenSt. Gall / St. Gallen180311St. Gall / St. Gallen36,79473,05922277Almanca
18GRGraubünden; Grischun; GrigioniGrisons / Graubünden180312Chur14,02070,90926108Almanca, Romanşça, İtalyanca
19AGAargauArgovia / Aargau180313Aarau41,59262,337388212Almanca
20TGThurgauThurgovia / Thurgau180314Frauenfeld1516,37460,14322980Almanca
21TITicinoTessin / Ticino180316Bellinzona28,51280,532110115İtalyanca
22VDVaudVaud180317Lozan53,73168,102188309Fransızca
23VSValais; WallisWallis / Valais181518Sion18,40554,08353126Fransızca, Almanca
24NENeuchâtelNeuchâtel1815/185719Neuchâtel15,43586,58420631Fransızca
25GEGenèveCenevre181520Cenevre49,467100,4641,44245Fransızca
26JUJuraJura197921Delémont4,62963,2368255Fransızca
-CHSchweizerische Eidgenossenschaft; Confédération suisse; Confederazione Svizzera; Confederaziun svizraİsviçre Konfederasyonu1815/184822(Berne / Bern)669,54279,2181742,222<small>Almanca, Fransızca, İtalyanca, Romanşça</small>

Gelişim

İlk 3 kanton

8 kanton konfederasyonu

13 kanton konfederasyonu

(1833'te iki yarı-kantona ayrılmıştır;

(1597'te dini nedenlerden ötürü iki yarı-kantona ayrılmıştır;

1803

Helvetia Cumhuriyeti'nin kantonları 1798-1803'te zorla ortadan kaldırılma tehlikesi yaşadılar. Ortaya çıkan hoşnutsuzluk sonucunda Napoléon Bonaparte 1803'te Arabuluculuk Yasasını çıkarır. Bu yasa İsviçre’nin özerkliğini büyük oranda geri verir ve yeni kantonlar ortaya çıkar :

Modern İsviçre

Notlar

<references group="Note"/> ## Kaynakça

Orijinal kaynak: isviçre'nin kantonları. Creative Commons Atıf-BenzerPaylaşım Lisansı ile paylaşılmıştır.

Footnotes

  1. Cantonal coats of arms shown with cantonal heraldic colors (Standesfarben). Standesfarben were used to identify the (historical) cantons when the full banner was not available for display, although there is overlap; Unterwalden and Solothurn share the same colours, as do Basel and Appenzell, and with the accession of the modern cantons, Valais and Basel-City, and St. Gallen and Thurgau. Louis, Mühlemann, Wappen und Fahnen der Schweiz, 700 Jahre Confoederatio Helvetica, Lengnau, 3rd ed. 1991. Swiss Armed Forces, Fahnenreglement, Reglement 51.340 d (2013).1

  2. Per km, based on 2000 population

  3. Applikation der Schweizer Gemeinden | erişimtarihi = 22 Ekim 2018 | dil = de | website = www.agvchapp.bfs.admin.ch | soyadı = Swiss Federal Statistical Office | arşivurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20181022193503/https://www.agvchapp.bfs.admin.ch/de/communes/query | arşivtarihi = 22 Ekim 2018}}

  4. founding forest-canton, foundation date traditionally given as either 1307, 1304 or 1291 (see Foundation of the Old Swiss Confederacy).

  5. Seat of government and parliament is Herisau, the seat of the judicial authorities is Trogen

  6. Act of Mediation; formed out of the Canton of Säntis and the northern half of the Canton of Linth.

  7. Act of Mediation; formerly the Canton of Raetia, comprising the earlier Three Leagues.

  8. Act of Mediation; created from the cantons of Aargau (canton of the Helvetic Republic, from territory previously controlled by Bern) and Baden (previously a Swiss condominium), together with Fricktal (before 1802 not Swiss territory).

  9. Act of Mediation; coterminous with the canton of Thurgau of the Helvetic Republic (1798), formed from the county of Thurgau, a Swiss condominium.

  10. Seat of parliament half-yearly alternates between Frauenfeld and Weinfelden

  11. Act of Mediation; combining the former cantons of Bellinzona and Lugano; see Ennetbirgische Vogteien.

  12. Act of Mediation, formerly Canton of Léman.

  13. Restoration, until 1798 the Prince-bishopric of Sion and the République des Sept-Dizains, briefly annexed by France as Simplon département during 1810–1813.

  14. claimed by Frederick William III of Prussia until the Neuchâtel Crisis of 1856–1857.

  15. previously a free imperial city, annexed by France during 1798–1815.

  16. seceded from Berne

  17. The Restored Confederacy of 1815 had the modern borders and introduced the modern Swiss coat of arms, but the cantons remained largely sovereign, without a federal government or parliament. The federal constitution of 1848 introduced the Federal Assembly, Federal Council and the notion of federal citizenship.

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